The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.